Almonds are shrubs or small trees from the subgenus Amygdalus of the genus Prunus.
The word almonds in Russian occurs by borrowing through the Polish migdaɫ from lat. amygdalus, which occurred in turn from ancient Greek. - "almond tree."
The tree is up to 10 m high (depending on the variety) with a powerful root system reaching 4-5 m in depth. The crown of the tree can be round, pyramidal, sprawling and even weeping.
The primary source of formation is in West Asia and in adjacent areas, including the Mediterranean and Central Asia. In these areas, the culture of almonds originated many centuries BC, the first written mention of almonds is in the Bible (Num. 17: 8).
The largest almond plantings are in the United States (in California grows more than half of the world's almonds), in the Mediterranean region (Spain, Italy, Portugal), Iran, Afghanistan and Australia. On Mallorca, abundant almond trees appeared in the second half of the 18th century. In Tajikistan there is even a "city of almonds" - Konibodom.
Almonds are widely cultivated in countries with a warm climate, and on the territory of the former USSR it is grown in Central Asia, Transcaucasia, Crimea, in the Danube regions and southern zones.